What is an ATK?
Nowadays, everyone is likely familiar with ATK tests, which are widely used for the rapid preliminary screening of COVID-19. These tests have been further developed to also detect similar diseases with comparable symptoms, such as Influenza A and B, and RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus). This innovation has become essential in disease screening. Today, we will introduce you to the different types of ATK tests.
ATK (Antigen Test Kit) is a test that detects antigens or nucleocapsid proteins (N-protein) of viruses. The ATK we are familiar with is used to detect the COVID-19 virus. This test can be easily performed by swabbing samples from the upper respiratory tract, such as the nose, mouth, throat, or saliva. However, ATK is only a preliminary test. For more accurate results, an RT-PCR (Real Time PCR) test should be performed, as it involves laboratory analysis. Nevertheless, RT-PCR results take about 24 hours, so most people use ATKs along with self-quarantine instead of waiting for RT-PCR results.
What diseases can ATKs detect?
Since COVID-19, Influenza A, and Influenza B all affect the respiratory system and present with similar symptoms such as coughing, runny nose, and sore throat, it can be challenging to differentiate these diseases based on symptoms alone. Therefore, ATKs have been developed in various forms, including those that can distinguish between COVID-19 and flu, as well as 3-in-1 ATKs that can detect all three diseases. The advantage of these ATKs is that they can test for multiple diseases with a single swab, making diagnosis quicker and easier.
How to read ATK test results
Although there are different types of ATKs, they all follow the same principle: reading the red lines. The test device has the letters T (Test line) and C (Control line) for COVID-19 and RSV screening, while for flu screening, the letters C, A, and B are used. Following the instructions correctly, results can be read as follows:
· Positive Result (Infection detected): For COVID-19 or RSV, if lines appear at both T and C, the test is positive. For flu, a line at C and A indicates Influenza A, while a line at C and B indicates Influenza B.
· Negative Result (No infection detected): If the test line appears only at C, no infection is detected.
· Unclear Result: No colored lines appear, indicating the test is invalid and should be retaken.
Simply put, if two lines appear in any test window, it indicates infection, regardless of the line's intensity. If you test positive, isolate from family, wear a mask at all times, and confirm the result with an RT-PCR test at the hospital.
When experiencing symptoms similar to the flu or COVID-19, such as coughing, sneezing, and fever, ATKs are a preliminary screening method. Additionally, vaccination is another way to prevent both COVID-19 and flu. For Krungthai-AXA Life Insurance customers interested in health care, you can read other health-related articles at https://www.krungthai-axa.co.th/th/health-advisories
References:
· Sikarin Hospital
· Petcharavej Hospital
· Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University
