Hernia is a common ailment, often associated with men but not exclusive to them. This condition can affect women as well, leading to discomfort, pain, and if untreated, potential complications. Today, our focus is on understanding the nature of hernias, exploring the reasons behind their occurrence, examining the symptoms they manifest, and delving into available treatments.
Definition of Hernia
Hernias involve the protrusion or weakening of internal organs, such as the small or large intestine and fat tissue, from their original position in the abdominal cavity. Hernias can manifest in individuals of all genders and ages, with various types depending on their location.
Common Locations for Hernia
· Inguinal Hernia: Primarily found in males, this results from a weakened abdominal wall in the inguinal region, allowing the small intestine to protrude, forming a lump in the inguinal or scrotal area.
· Umbilical Hernia: Often observed in newborns and premature infants, this occurs when part of the intestine protrudes through the abdominal wall near the navel, causing a noticeable bulge.
· Hiatal Hernia: Arises when the upper part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm muscle, leading to symptoms like acid reflux.
· Incisional Hernias: Develop in individuals who have undergone abdominal surgery, causing the abdominal wall to weaken and allowing the intestine to protrude.
· Femoral Hernias: Involve a part of the small intestine moving through the femoral canal, more common in women.
There are also other hernia locations, such as diaphragmatic and lateral abdominal wall hernias.
Risk Factors for Hernia
People at the highest risk of developing hernias usually have a weakened abdominal wall. However, even those with a normal abdominal wall can develop hernias due to specific lifestyle habits, including:
· Heavy lifting and intense physical activity, which can increase abdominal pressure.
· Regular smoking and alcohol consumption, as these habits can elevate pressure in the abdominal cavity.
· Engaging in labor-intensive work requiring significant physical exertion.
Prevalence in Men
Men are more susceptible to hernias due to their anatomical structure, particularly the inguinal canal, which increases the likelihood of hernias. Men with conditions like an enlarged prostate, necessitating increased urination force, also face a higher risk.
Symptoms and Observation
While some hernias may not exhibit noticeable symptoms, others can cause discomfort and pain, especially when standing, straining, or lifting heavy objects. Observing abnormal protrusions in the abdominal region, difficulty pushing the lump back into place, abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and vomiting are signs that should prompt medical attention.
Treatment for hernia
In general, after the diagnosis of hernia is confirmed, the main treatment is surgery. Patients can undergo surgery in the surgical department, where the procedure is performed by a surgeon or a specialized surgical doctor. The doctor will close the opening or wall in the abdominal area to prevent the internal organs from moving out again. Hernia surgery can be done in two ways:
1. Open surgery involves making an incision to reinforce the abdominal wall with synthetic mesh. This type of surgery has the advantage of being cost-effective and suitable for all patients, but the disadvantage is a larger incision and a longer recovery period.
2. Laparoscopic surgery, on the other hand, is performed through small incisions on the abdominal surface. The advantage of this type of surgery is that the incisions are much smaller, and the recovery is faster, typically within one week.
Hernias are a common condition that can affect people of all ages and genders. Understanding the types, causes, and symptoms of hernias is crucial for timely and appropriate treatment. For Krungthai-AXA life insurance customers interested in health care, additional health articles can be found at https://www.krungthai-axa.co.th/th/health-advisories
References:
· Bangkok Hat Yai Hospital
https://bit.ly/3RDXm2W
· Phetcharat Hospital
https://bit.ly/3vh26E5
· Phyathai Hospital
https://bit.ly/4aDSP97
· MedicalNewstoday
https://bit.ly/3H1M2si
